Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina or just Bosnia, is a nation in Southeastern Europe’s Balkan region. Bosnia and Herzegovina is bordered to the east by Serbia, the southeast by Montenegro, and the north and southwest by Croatia. It has a 20 kilometer (12 mile) long, slender Adriatic Sea coast in the southern part of the Mediterranean region that encircles the town of Neum. Bosnia, which is located in the country’s interior, experiences hot summers and chilly, icy winters. The terrain of the nation is primarily flat in the northeast, fairly hilly in the northwest, and mountainous in the middle and eastern parts. Herzegovina, a smaller, southern area of the nation, is primarily hilly and has a Mediterranean climate. The capital and largest city of the nation is Sarajevo, which is followed by Banja Luka, Tuzla, and Zenica.
Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is ranked 74th in the Human Development Index, is a developing nation. Industry and agriculture are the two sectors that make up the majority of its economy, followed by tourism and services. The number of tourists has dramatically increased recently. The country offers free basic and secondary education as well as a social security and universal healthcare system. It is a member of the Central European Free Trade Agreement, the Partnership for Peace, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the United Nations, and the Council of Europe. It is also a founding member of the Union for the Mediterranean, which was founded in July 2008.
TRENDING FASHION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
ACCESSORIES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
TRIBES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINAAND THEIR FASHION
The Bosnians
The Bosniaks/Bosnians are a South Slavic ethnic group with roots in the present-day nation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is located in the historical region of Bosnia in Southeast Europe.
The Serbs
Serbs have lived in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s current region for a very long time and have had a state there for a very long time. In the seventh century, Slavs began to colonize the Balkans, and one of the principal tribes to do so was the Serbs, who occupied much of the peninsula, including what is now Herzegovina.
TOURIST AND HISTORICAL PLACES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Una National Park – the impressive waterfalls at Martin Brod, intriguing locations like the impressive Ostrovica Fortress, and the recently renovated Rmanj Monastery with its adaptation of Serbian Orthodox design await visitors who travel here.
Bihac – A square-cut medievalist castle and its accompanying church tower stand in the town’s center, while a collection of pop-up islands ringed by the aquamarine-green channels of the Una itself offer for some truly enjoyable urban park strolling.
Trebinje – a jumble of majestic Ottoman rises and authentic eastern façade that was built primarily in the 18th century, gleams beautifully against the waters of the flowing Trebisnjica River as it flows through the city’s historic center.
Stolac – Then there are the eerie gravestones of the Radimlja necropolis on the outskirts of the town, as well as the charming riparian stretches of the Bregava River with its clacking wooden watermills and genuine stone bridges.
Travnik – the pretty mid-sized town of Travnik does well to balance its interesting past as the capital and stronghold of the former viziers of this old Ottoman sub-region with modern adventure sports and outdoors draws. It is divided by the babbling Lasva River as it flows through the central mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Jahorina – it is a popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts and summer hikers alike because it is home to Bosnia’s most well-known ski area and was once the site of the Winter Olympics.
Kravice Falls – The Kravice Falls, a genuinely stunning wonder of Bosnia’s backcountry, flow in numerous streams over the lush slopes south of Mostar.
Tuzla – it is a vibrant and self-assured town that is a terrific spot to feel the pulse of the genuine, raw BiH, despite the fact that it may not seem like the best place to spend your Bosnian days and that it is located right in the industrial center of the country.
Banja Luka – With the exception of a few restored treasures like the Cathedral of Saint Bonaventure and the rebuilt, former UNESCO Ferhat-Pasha Mosque, Banja Luka, the largely unknown capital of the Republika Srpska region of Bosnia and Herzegovina, no longer exhibits much of the historic Ottoman and Slavic richness it once did.
Blidinje Nature Park – it is renowned for the enormous trunks of its indigenous Bosnian pine trees, and it also has dense woods with white-barked evergreens that envelop a forest floor dotted with flowers. The entire region is also dotted with intricately carved medieval stele that pay homage to the Orthodox customs of Bosnia before the Ottoman Empire.
Brcko – The sole significant port in Bosnia is located in Brcko, which is situated on the edge of the Sava River and shares a border with Croatia to the north.
Sarajevo – the city has all but lost its past status as a devastated war zone and is today a lively, effervescent, and fascinating European center that is speeding headlong into the modern era.
Jajce – one of the most popular entrances to the lakes and gorges of the picturesque Bosanska Krajina region of the north is the irresistibly green Jajce, which is bolstered by the thundering waterfalls that flow through the urban bluffs at its center.
Blagaj – In actuality, the most popular attraction in the town is the enormous Sufi lodge known as the Tekija, which rises in stunning Ottoman designs perfectly on the brink of the Buna’s source.
Mostar – The Neretva at the center of the town is crossed by the arched Old Bridge, which has been painstakingly rebuilt after being destroyed during the Croat-Bosniak conflict and has earned the coveted UNESCO designation.
MUSIC IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
The yelled, polyphonic ganga and “ravne pjesme” (flat song) styles, as well as instruments such a droneless bagpipe, wooden flute, and “argija,” are examples of rural folk traditions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The old Slavic epic poetry are also accompanied by the gusle, an instrument that may be found all over the Balkans.
Some musicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina include:
Buba Corelli
Frenkie
Some artwork in Bosnia and Herzegovina include:
MEALS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Bosanski Lonac – it consists of meat and roughly cut vegetables.
Begova Corba – it consists of chicken, spices, carrots, celery, potatoes, okra and other vegetables.
Tarhana – it consists of ground meat, peppers, tomatoes, onions, spices, seasoning etc.
Suho Meso – this is a delicious meat that is well-spiced.
Somun – it is a type of Balkan leavened flatbread that is slightly fluffy and made of water, flour and yeast.
Sogan Dolma – it is an awesome version of Dolma that features onions.
Bosanski Lonac
Begova Corba
Tarhana
Suho Meso
Somun
Sogan Dolma
Sarma – it is a mouth-watering dish that involves stuffing vegetables with a filling of rice or minced beef.
Rostilj – it usually consist beef steaks, grilled chicken or lamb and vegetables.
Prebranac – this is a vital food to Balkan cuisine that consist mainly beans, onions and flavourings.
Pljeskavica – it resembles a hamburger with a spiced meat patty, sandwiched between two slices of local flatbread and served with onions, salads and sauces.
Lepinja – this delicious meal is similar to Somun in terms of shape.
Klepe – it is made from flour, eggs, salt, ground meat and cheese.
Sarma
Rostilj
Prebranac
Pljeskavica
Lepinja
Klepe
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION AND HABITAT PROTECTION IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
About 2,185,000 acres, or 42.7%, of Bosnia and Herzegovina are covered in trees, according to the United Nations, Food and Agricultural Organization. Primary forest, the most biodiverse and carbon-dense type of forest, makes just 0.1% of this total (2,000). There were 999,000 acres of planted forests in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Forest Cover Change: Between 1990 and 2010, Bosnia and Herzegovina lost 1,250 ha, or 0.06%, on average. In total, Bosnia and Herzegovina lost 25,000 ha, or 1.1%, of its forest cover between 1990 and 2010.
The live biomass in the forests of Bosnia and Herzegovina contains 118 million metric tons of carbon. According to data from the World Conservation Monitoring Center, Bosnia and Herzegovina is home to 425 recognized species of amphibians, birds, mammals, and reptiles. Of these, 4.2% are in danger of extinction and 0.2% are endemic, meaning they only exist in their native habitat. Vascular plant species number zero or less in Bosnia & Herzegovina. IUCN classifications I-V preserve 0.5% of Bosnia & Herzegovina.
EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Hydrometeorological hazards and natural disasters pose a threat to Bosnia and Herzegovina, and it is anticipated that they will largely have an impact on agriculture and public health through seasonal flooding and dry spells. BiH is becoming more susceptible to natural calamities such droughts, heat waves, heavy precipitation, landslides, and floods as a result of the expected effects of climate change. The most frequent natural disasters are connected to prolonged, intense downpours that can result in mudslides, flooding of homes, businesses, and vast tracts of agricultural land, among other environmental disturbances. Due to decreased river runoff, drying in the nation’s lowland regions, and increased demand and consumption brought-on by economic development and population growth, droughts may become more frequent in some locations. BiH is predicted to experience increasingly frequent and severe natural catastrophes due to climate change due to increased temperatures, altered rainfall patterns, extended heat waves, and water scarcity.
GENDER EQUALITY IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
In all areas of society, including the economy, education, labor, social and health care, public life, and media, complete gender equality must be ensured, regardless of marriage and family status. It is against the law to discriminate based on sexual orientation and gender.
Some prominent women in Bosnia and Herzegovina include:
Borjana Kristo – she is currently serving as Prime Minister in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Biljana Plavšić – former Bosnian Serb politician and university professor who served as President of Republic Srpska and was later convicted of crimes against humanity.
Marina Pendeš – Bosnian Croat politician who is the current member of the House of Peoples.
Željka Cvijanović – Bosnian Serb politician serving as the 8th and current member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Borjana Kristo
Biljana Plavšić
Marina Pendeš
Željka Cvijanović
Srebrenka Golić – Bosnian politician and lawyer of Republic Srpska. She also served as Minister of Physical Planning, Civil Engineering and Ecology.
Dunja Mijatović – Bosnian human rights expert and activist, serving as the Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights.
Srebrenka Golić
Dunja Mijatović
